Tannins In Oak Buildings
oak by design
oakbydesign
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Amanda Smith
"Understanding, Removing And Preventing Tannins"

Tannins In Oak Buildings

In oak buildings, tannins are a natural compound which permeate oak’s structure, acting as a preservative that wards off decay, insect infestation, and moisture-induced damage.
By creating a robust barrier, tannins enhance the wood’s durability and longevity. Additionally, they give oak a rich, dark hue, adding a characteristic depth that makes it a timeless choice in construction.
But how exactly do these compounds influence the form and function in oak structures?

Understanding Tannins

Tannins play a significant role in enhancing the wood’s durability and resistance to environmental stressors. These compounds act as natural preservatives, inhibiting microbial growth and protecting the wood from decay.

Tannins also contribute to oak’s resistance to insect infestation by creating an inhospitable environment for pests. Beyond their protective qualities, tannins create a rich, dark hue to the wood, elevating its visual appeal.

The interaction between tannins and environmental elements, such as moisture, further fortifies oak, ensuring its longevity. This multifaceted role of tannins not only enhances oak’s functional attributes but also its aesthetic qualities, making it an ideal material for both structural and decorative applications in buildings.

Tannins and Durability

Given oak’s high tannin content, this naturally occurring compound greatly bolsters the wood’s durability by acting as a preservative, protecting against decay and insect damage. Tannins create a hostile environment for fungi and wood-boring insects, greatly extending the lifespan of oak structures. This polyphenolic substance permeates cellular walls, enhancing the structural integrity of the wood.

Oak’s aesthetic appeal is also elevated by tannins. The combination of functional and visual enhancements makes oak an ideal material for durable, long-lasting buildings. The integration of tannins into oak’s cellular architecture offers a sophisticated blend of preservation and beauty, ensuring the wood’s resilience over time.

Environmental Resistance

Oak’s innate resilience to environmental factors stems from its high tannin content, which acts as a natural barrier against moisture, decay, and insect infestation.

This compound creates a protective layer within the wood fibres, greatly reducing water absorption and subsequent swelling or cracking. The tannins’ antimicrobial properties inhibit fungal growth, thereby preventing rot.

The dense grain structure of oak, combined with its tannin-rich composition, guarantees minimal warping and enhanced durability under varying climatic conditions.

As a result, oak’s tannin content not only strengthens the wood against environmental stressors but also extends the lifespan of oak buildings, ensuring they remain robust and dependable over time.

Aesthetic Benefits

The rich hue transmitted by tannin enhances the visual allure of oak, making it a sought-after material for aesthetically appealing outdoor furniture.

Tannin’s ability to deepen oak’s colour brings out the intricate grain patterns, creating a timeless and elegant look. This visual richness is complemented by the wood’s natural lustre, which can be further enhanced through finishing techniques like oiling or varnishing.

Additionally, tannin contributes to the wood’s ability to develop a distinguished silver patina over time, adding character and depth. These aesthetic benefits make oak not only a practical choice for outdoor use but also a visually compelling one, blending durability with sophisticated design elements that elevate any outdoor space.

Construction Techniques

Crafting oak buildings and oak structures demands meticulous construction techniques to harness the wood’s full potential for durability and aesthetic appeal. Planing is crucial, reducing warping and twisting while enhancing the straight grain pattern. This method guarantees both structural integrity and visual allure.

Mortise and tenon joints, secured with dowels or screws, are essential for robust connections, offering exceptional load-bearing capacity and resistance to wood movement. These joints are carefully aligned to maintain stability over time.

Additionally, techniques like proper seasoning and ammonia fuming minimise tannin leaching, preserving the wood’s beauty and resistance to decay. These construction techniques collectively ensure that oak structures remains both beautiful and functional, even under harsh outdoor conditions.

Tannin 2
Wall tannin

Removing Existing Stains

To remove existing black stains from oak, start by replacing any ferrous fixings to halt further discolouration. Next, prepare an oxalic acid solution by following the manufacturer’s instructions.

Wear protective gear, including goggles, a mask, and gloves. Apply the solution with a paintbrush, working along the wood’s grain. Allow it to soak in and dry completely. If the stain persists, reapply the solution until the discoloration fades.

Once the stains are removed, rinse off any remaining acid residue with clean water. Let the oak dry thoroughly before considering further treatments.

This method effectively restores the oak’s natural beauty by eliminating unsightly black stains caused by tannic acid reactions with ferrous materials.

Where the staining is on the stone or brickwork, the best course of action would be to use either sugar soap or brick acid to remove them, again using protective equipment.

Preventive Strategies

For effective prevention of black staining in oak, one must prioritise using non-ferrous fixings and appropriate ironmongery finishes from the beginning.

Stainless steel and brass screws or nails are essential to avoid reactions with tannic acid. When selecting ironmongery, finishes like premium black or ‘black on galv’ guarantee compatibility with oak.

Regular inspection and maintenance of fixings and ironmongery help catch early signs of corrosion. Additionally, recoating oak with UV-resistant oil like Osmo’s Exterior UV Oil provides added protection.

Ensuring the timber is properly dried before treatment maximises the effectiveness of these preventive measures. By taking these steps, one can significantly decrease the risk of black staining in oak, preserving its natural beauty.

12 June 2024
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I first used Oak by Design in 2021 for a oak porch, I used them again 2023 for an oak pergola. Both times my clients have been Delighted with the finished product. Both times the product was delivered when stated, everything i needed was on the delivery. Oak by design listened to what I required for both jobs. The quality of the oak is excellent, all joints fit correctly & if I had a problem I only had to ring and speak to them. R Brown Carpentry always recommends Oak by Design when asked about oak structures.

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Firstly, the product quality was superb, a beautiful oak mantle piece for my fire place, gorgeous. The installation was quick, efficient and fitter very friendly. The price was very reasonable, actually very good value. But what makes it all SIX STAR, ( but we I can only give 5!), was the customer service. When walking in the shop I was perfectly attended to, I was given samples to take home and they remembered to call soma days later to see what I thought. Order to install time was very fast for such a bespoke service. My experience was world class, great to deal with a brilliant local/small business, I totally recommend.

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I wish I could give more starts!! We looked at many companies before finally choosing Oak by Design. We are so glad we chose them. They were excellent from start to finish. They worked with us to find a workable design that was to our liking. Our door looks amazing (despite the building site that still surrounds it!). Their customer service is of the highest standard, Joanne could not do enough to help us. I would not hesitate to recommend them.

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Found Oak by Design searching for a new front porch to replace a canopy and knew immediately that this was company for the job and I was not disappointed. I already knew what I wanted and Richard, very patiently, developed my basic requirements, with a number of iterations, into a full detailed design. As I live outside their site working area I decided go for supply only and to install the porch myself. It was delivered as promised and it looked great even on the pallet! It took me a while to fit but it was very satisfying and the result is fantastic. The quality of the aged oak and carpentry of the timbers is excellent. I’m delighted with the porch supplied by Oak by Design - it looks superb.

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We decided to get an oak porch to make our home more attractive and we are so glad we did as it really is beautiful ! Joanne and the Team have been professional, friendly and just a pleasure to deal with ! Thank you so much !!

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This is the second time that we have used Oak By Design for oak products and once again we weren’t disappointed. We recently ordered some internal oak doors and from the very start they were a pleasure to deal with. Joanne especially was extremely helpful and friendly, nothing was too much trouble. We were kept updated about the progress of our order. Unfortunately we needed to delay acceptance of the doors for a few weeks and Oak By Design happily agreed to store them in their workshop until we were ready for them. The quality of the doors is very high, they are very well made and finished, far better than any oak doors that you will buy “ off the shelf. “ They are all installed now and look fantastic. I would highly recommend Oak By Design and we will certainly use them again in the future if we require any more oak products. A huge thank you to Joanne and the whole team for a great service and a great product.

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I firstly used oak by design a couple of years ago for an open oak porch. They were extremely helpful and everything was delivered on time to the highest quality. The porch went together with the oak dowels provided and looked great when it was all slated in. They have also supplied me with a oak beam for a fireplace natural random finish and it looks good.

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Excellent quality workmanship and materials. Very easy and friendly to deal with on the phone. Everything done on time and no problems at all. Will definitely use again next time I need an oak porch or any other oak structures.

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My client was looking for ways in which to make his conversion (of an early seventies house into a period family farmhouse) “stand out from the crowd”. whilst maintaining a commercial eye on his expenditure, as the house was being converted for resale profit. Making the choice to meet with Richard and explore possibilities for incorporating some Real solid Oak features into his plans proved to be the making of the project. By taking lots of advice from Richard on both the size and structure of the components we were able to incorporate three key features. The beautiful and bold roof trusses and purlins for the open plan kitchen are simply a joy to behold. The stunning full height gable window which is directly glazed into the large framework can be appreciated from both the the kerbside and of course from within the cosy snug on the ground floor or the amazing first floor main bedroom where we incorporated some additional exposed roof beams just purely for effect. All in all it is fair to say that these significant choices certainly created the wow factor my client was looking for. Having managed to pre sell the property well before completion it in itself demonstrates the benefits of keeping these sorts of real oak features as part of a modern build. I have no hesitation whatsoever is saying that if anyone is looking to get advice and is serious about investing in quality oak products they should have no need to look further than Oak by Design. Thanks again Richard for all your help , guidance and continued support which is a credit to you and the craftsmen you employ.

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Amazing customer service from beginning to end . My builder was in awe at the quality of the oak porch components. Call them and ask for Joanne - what she doesn’t know isn’t worth knowing! It’s not every day you invest in a “proper” porch so do it right. You’ll definitely be delighted!

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Oak by Design have made 2 oak framed rooms for us, sunroom at the front and and "moonroom" (photo) at the back which encompasses a shower room, work area and storage. They have been helpful at every stage and the outcome is simply brilliant. They make the whole house feel roomier and brighter and are beautiful places to be. GE North Yorkshire

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From the start of our enquiry, the service provided was excellent. Joanne was a great help and the oak porch structure looks fantastic on our new build. It completely changed the look of the house. Very quick delivery could not recommend enough.

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Oak by Design were extremely helpful at all stages of my project from helping and advising me to choose the most appropriate beam through to advice on fixing the beam. They were extremely patient with changes to my beam dimension requirements finally providing a solution to suit my project. They provided photographs on completion of the beam prior to dispatch to ensure that my requirements had been met. I was extremely impressed by the quality and finish of the beam which has become the focal point for my fireplace project. Oak by Design provided customer care of the highest quality and I would highly recommend their services.

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I could not recommend Oak By Design more highly. Joanne and the team worked tirelessly to resolve an issue that was the result of my mistake when I ordered the porch. Great customer service.

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Fantastic service from start to finish, I would have no hesitation in recommending this company or using them again. Very professional and helpful. Joanne was great in assisting us with choosing both styles and colours of the beams and cladding.

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Superb! Fantastic! I can’t recommend enough. If you want gorgeous oak use this company. Oak by design made a porch for us and we couldn’t be more happier with it! It’s beautiful! The quality is first rate. Throughout the build Jo kept us informed as to the process of having the oak cut to size and installed. Jo and the team even sent us a lovely oak chopping board! Jack and his team who built it are fabulous! They go the extra mile. We have decided to use oak by design for a kitchen extension project in the future. Thank you oak by design for giving me a gorgeous porch! Charlie x

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From the initial quotation right through to the delivery and after service Joanne has been brilliant and given me an excellent product. I have just ordered another porch for another project from them and I will continue to do so for future projects . Thomas and Bell Building Contractors Ltd

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We purchased some engineered oak flooring and oak covers from Oak By Design and couldn't be happier with the finish and quality. They are spot on. Joanne was extremely helpful throughout the whole process and provided plenty of advice when necessary. Thank you

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Oak by design provided our engineered oak flooring. From our initial meeting and supply of samples to the final delivery we have been provided with excellent service. Carl has been in touch throughout the process and provided updates about the lead time and expected delivery dates. We are delighted with the flooring. Very happy to recommend Oak by design.

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First class service and product . Our car port and steps look fantastic and blends in with the existing buildings beautifully. Would definitely recommend them.

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Excellent customer service. Very friendly. Explained in detail. Product is beautiful. Would recommend. Company sent photos of finished product prior to dispatch to confirm our happiness with their work.

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We were delighted with our new porch. Right from our initial contact with Joanne at ObD, through the design and the installation by Jack and his team the service has been excellent. We would have no hesitation in recommending ObD and Jack to anyone thinking of a high quality oak porch. Thank you to all involved.